It can be difficult to tell whether an injury is a fracture, dislocation, sprain or strain. If in doubt, always treat as a fracture.
Signs and symptoms
Sprain
intense pain
restricted movement of the injured joint
rapid development of swelling and bruising
Strain
sharp, sudden pain in the region of the injury
usually loss of power
muscle tenderness
What to do
Follow DRSABCD.
Follow RICE: • Rest – rest the patient and the injured part • Ice – apply an ice pack or cold pack for 15 minutes every 2 hours for 24 hours, then for 15 minutes every 4 hours for 24 hours • Compression – apply a compression bandage firmly to extend well beyond the injury • Elevation – elevate the injured part.
Avoid HARM: • Heat • Alcohol • Running or other exercise of the injured area • Massage.
