High blood sugar (hyperglycaemia) 

1. If the patient has medication, ask if they need assistance administering it. Only help the patient if they request it. 
2. Encourage the patient to drink water. 
3. Seek medical aid if symptoms worsen. 
4. If the patient has not yet been diagnosed with diabetes, encourage them to seek medical aid. 

Low blood sugar (hypoglycaemia) 

1. Help the patient to sit or lie in a comfortable position. 
2. Reassure the patient. 
3. Loosen any tight clothing. 
4. Give the patient sugar, such as fruit juice or a soft drink (NOT ‘diet’ eg Coke Zero, Pepsi Max), sugar, jellybeans, glucose tablets. 
5. Continue giving sugar every 15 minutes until the patient recovers. 
6. Follow with carbohydrates, eg a sandwich, milk, fresh or dry fruit, or dry biscuits and cheese. 
7. If there is no improvement in symptoms or the patient becomes unconscious, call Triple Zero (000) for an ambulance.