1. Ask the patient to breathe through their mouth and not to blow their nose. Encourage the patient to spit out blood rather than swallow it. 
2. Help the patient to sit down with their head slightly forward. 
3. Pinch the soft part of the patient’s nostrils, just below the bridge of the nose, for at least 10 minutes. 
4. Loosen any tight clothing around the patient’s neck. 
5. If bleeding persists, seek medical aid. 

Placing a cold pack on the patient’s neck and forehead might help the bleed. A cold pack is unlikely to cause any harm.